The
Republic of Serbia (Serbian: Republika
Srbija) is a republic in south-eastern
Europe which is united with Montenegro
in a loose commonwealth known as the State
Union of Serbia and Montenegro. The roots
of the Serbian state reach back to the
first half of the 9th century. The Kingdom
of Serbia was established in the 11th
century , and in the 14th century it eventually
became the Serbian Empire. The Empire
fell to the Turks after the historic Serbian
defeat in Battle of Kosovo in 1389; some
Serbian states managed to survive for
another 70 years (Serbian Despotovina,
Bosnia) until they too were annexed to
the Ottoman Empire, whose rule would last
for the next 4 centuries (despite three
Austrian occupations and numerous rebellions).
First
Serbian Uprising 1804-1813 and Second
Serbian Uprising of 1815 resulted in establishment
of Serbian Principality, semi-independent
from Turkey, and formation of modern Serbia.
In 1876 Montenegro, Serbia and Bosnia
have declared war against Turkey and proclaimed
unification; however, Treaty of Berlin
of 1878 granted complete independence
"only" to Serbia, Montenegro
and Romania, leaving Bosnia and Raska
to Austro-Hungary- which unabled the unification
until the Balkan wars of 1912 and 1913,
and WWI 1914-1918. After 1918, Serbia
was a founding member of Yugoslavia in
its various forms (the Kingdom of Yugoslavia,
the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia,
and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia).The
first recorded Serb princes were Vlastimir,
Viseslav, Radoslav and Prosigoj. By that
time, the country had entirely accepted
Christianity. In Zeta, today's Montenegro,
Mihailo was crowned by the Pope 1077.
At this time Serbs was catholics as well
as orthodox. King Mihailo also achieved
frop Pope archbishop title for bishop
in city of Bar. With this act Serbs managed
to achieve religious independence.
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